The Association is governed by a Board of Directors elected by a majority of the delegates present at the annual meeting. The Association's Board of Directors is made up of up to twenty-one (21) members representing voting members in good standing of the NGA. If there are qualified candidates available, consideration is given to provide reasonable geographic representation to all parts of the State of Nebraska.

At times when the full Board of Directors is not meeting, the Association is governed by an executive committee consisting of the President, Vice President, the chairman of the Finance and Budget Committee, the chairman of the Membership Committee, and the immediate past-President of the NGA. The Executive Director is a ex-officio member of the executive committee.

Among the duties of the Association include the conduct of the state's amateur golf championships, governing of its member clubs, and serving as the handicapping and course rating authority for its member clubs and members.

The Nebraska Golf Association conducts the Nebraska Amateur Championship, Nebraska Match Play Championship, Nebraska Four-Ball Championship, Nebraska Senior Amateur Championship, Nebraska Senior Match Play Championship and Nebraska Mid-Amateur Championship. On the junior level, championships include the Nebraska Junior Amateur, Nebraska Junior Match Play, Nebraska Girl's Amateur and Nebraska Girl's Match Play. Select team events include the Directors Cup Matches and the Nebraska-Kansas Junior Cup. The NGA also conducts national qualifiers for USGA championships and works in conjunction with the Nebraska Section of the PGA to conduct the Nebraska Cup Matches.

The Nebraska Golf Association also provides its member clubs with USGA course ratings; serves as a source for resolving questions regarding the Rules of Golf, USGA handicapping, and amateur status; holds educational seminars on the GHIN handicap service, Rules of Golf, and USGA Procedures and Handicapping. The NGA also advises its member clubs about the process of conducting golf tournaments and serves as a clearinghouse for member tournaments to help avoid scheduling conflicts. Financial support is given to other Nebraska golf organizations that help make golf better in Nebraska as well. The Nebraska Women's Amateur Golf Association, the Nebraska Section of the PGA and the Nebraska Golf Hall of Fame all receive sizeable financial grants from the NGA.

By working directly with the United States Golf Association, the Nebraska Golf Association provides its member clubs with the latest in technological equipment, including the GHIN handicapping system and tournament pairing program and instructs the clubs on how to use the programs. The NGA also supports the USGA by conducting local qualifiers for national amateur championships and providing volunteers to serve on national committees.